My Y has been running since it arrived back to me on Wednesday at 9:15am (seriously must’ve cached in all my favors with the universe to get it delivered so early). This time, though, I brought it into my office and let it warm up with my space heater running for about 3.5 hours before plugging it in. I’ve heard that using electronics from freezing cold temps can potentially cause problems. I don’t know if that’s true, but I figured it hurt nothing to wait a few more hours.
It’s all good still, sounds absolutely incredible, and I’m very much looking forward to listening tonight with a bunch of German bier.
Anyway, I struck up the conversation with Ben again, asking him about the PCM58. Here is the response chain.
Me
And to go back to the email about the Z DAC and PCM58, that’s very intriguing. I’m shocked that you think the PCM58 sounds that much better than the AD1862, and even the PCM63 possibly. What would you say it is about it that makes it so good?
Regarding this line from that email:
FYI, a true laser matched 20-bit R-2R resistor ladder needs to be matched something like .000005% and can only be done on one “wafer” of silicone.
That’s the reason that, ultimately, Burr-Brown discontinued the PCM63, isn’t it? I remember reading that yields were incredibly low on the chip due to all of the errors that could possibly happen and any single error making a chip useless. It’s also my understanding that no company would ever take on production of that chip again due to the extreme expense.
Ben
The PCM series of DAC chips are literally 4X the size of the AD1862…they didn’t do that just for show.
The PCM58 has fine tune distortion and linearity adjustments for the 4 most significant bits.
The PCM63 has fine tune distortion and linearity adjustments for the 2 most significant bits.
The AD1865 and AD1862 only have a fine tune distortion and linearity adjustment for the most significant bit and it is adjusted by an audible sound vs an actual distortion analyzer.
One of the major reasons we’ve not released a PCM based DAC sooner was that we had to purchase a very expensive distortion analyzer and get some additional training before we could do the fine tune adjustments on those DAC chips.
Back in the day, nearly all the major high-end DAC manufacturers went with the PCM series simply because they sounded better.
That’s why there are fewer of them available…that’s why they are significantly more expensive…that’s why they are better known.
Note that your DAC has the AD1865 18-bit stereo chip vs the AD1862 20-bit mono chips which sound notably better.
And the reason the AD1862N-Z chips sounded better was the use of better materials and better tolerances in the same circuit.
Better materials and better tolerances are part of why the PCM series are so much larger and why they sound a little bit better than the AD series.
Me
Those design differences in the various chips are quite interesting. Do you know why the 58 has more distortion and linearity adjustments than the 63? Was the 58 the original top-of-the-line chip before the 63? Or does the 63 offer other features that don’t require as much distortion and linearity adjustment?
Ben
The 58 was their top-of-the-line chip before the 63.
Since they both use the identical form factor I can only assume that they didn’t have the space to fit the additional adjustments when they went from 18-bit to 20-bit.
That and very few companies used those adjustments.
We’re the only company I know of that uses the adjustments in the AD1865 and AD1862.
The adjustment circuit and method of adjustment are shown quite clearly in the data sheets for all of those DAC chips but they require about $15 worth of parts per adjustment and require a qualified electronics tech to adjust them.
My guess is that most companies don’t want to have to mess with them since they are optional.
Rather than “tuning” each chip companies would put in 2-4 chips in parallel which would statistically optimize linearity and minimize distortion in specific frequencies without requiring electronics techs to fine tune the adjustments on each DAC board.
And I’m not talking about cheap DACs…I’m talking about high-end companies like Krell, Threshold, and Levison.
It was very informative. I had no idea about the PCM58 being the original TOTL BB chip. I always assumed the PCM63 came first, and the 58 was a stripped down version of it.
It’ll be quite cool to see what he does with these and hear how they sound. I’m definitely intrigued and excited about them!